Isingeniso

Ngendlela eyejwayelekile ye-patent, uma i-patent ifuneka kwamanye amazwe, izicelo ze-patent kufanele zenzelwe izwe ngalinye. Lokhu kufaka ukulungisa nokufaka izicelo ezahlukahlukene ze-patent, izindleko zokuhumusha, imisebenzi yabameli be-patent kulawo mazwe, nezimali ezithile emahhovisini ama-patent – konke lokhu kuholela ezindlekweni okufanele zibhekisiswe.

Ngaphansi kwendlela eyejwayelekile, ihhovisi lama-patent ezweni ngalinye (lapho ukuvikelwa kudingeka khona) kufanele lenze ucwaningo olusemthethweni lwesicelo futhi libheke inqubo i.e. ukuphindwaphindwa kokwenziwayo

Ukuze kuvinjwe ezinye zalezi zinkinga i-Patent Co-operation Treaty (PCT) yaqala ukusebenza ngo-1978. Isivumelwano saqala ukusebenza eNingizimu Afrika ngo-March 1999. Njengamanje kunamazwe angu 142 (kuhlanganisa neNingizimu Afrika) ayingxenye yalesi sivumelwano somhlaba.

Yini I-PCT?

Njengoba igama (Patent Co-operation Treaty) lisho, i-PCT isivumelwano samazwe sokusebenzisana emkhakheni wama-patents. Ngokuqonde ngqo, isivumelwano esinikeza ukuhleleka nokusebenzisana mayelana nokufakwa, nokucwaninga nokuhlola izicelo ze-patent.

I-PCT ayilungiseleli ukunikwa "ama-patents omhlaba jikelele".

• • Umsebenzi nokubophezeleka kokunikezwa ama-patents kusezandleni zamaHhovisi Ama-Patent emazweni afanele lapho ukuvikeleka kucelwa khona.

• • I-PCT yenza ukufuna kwamanye amazwe nokuhlola kwesikhashana kube lula futhi lokhu kusiza ekwehliseni izindleko.

• • I-PCT isiza ngokuhlola okusemthethweni kwezicelo zamanye amazwe ngokusebenzisa ihhovisi elilodwa le-patent – iHhovisi Elamukelayo.

• • Isicelo ngasinye samazwe kufanele sihambisane nokucwaningwa komhlaba futhi osegunyeni lokucwaninga uletha umbiko mayelana nokuthi akukho yini okusunguliwe okufanayo okufakelwe isicelo. Lokhu kwenza ofaka isicelo ukuba athathe isinqumo sokuthi okusunguliwe kungafakelwa yini-ipatent noma cha.

• • I-PCT inikeza ushicilelo lomhlaba olusendaweni eyodwa nemibiko yomhlaba yokucwaninga. Inikeza ithuba lokuhlola okusemhlabeni jikelele futhi inikeza imibiko esiza iHhovisi Lama-Patent emazweni asayinile, ngomqondo wokuthi okusunguliwe kuyahambisana yini nendlela yokunikwa ama-patent emhlabeni wonke jikelele.

• Le misebenzi yenza kube lula indlela endala yokufaka izicelo ze-patent zamazwe angaphandle, futhi isiza ekongeni isikhathi nezindleko.
  • o Ngaphansi kwendlela "endala", ofaka isicelo sokubhalisa i-patent:
    1. a. Ufaka isicelo se-patent yesikhashana, ebese
    2. b. Ezinyangeni ezingu-12 efaka "isicelo esiphelele se-patent" futhi
    3. c. Ngalesi sikhathi ofaka isicelo engafaka izicelo ze-patent kwamanye amazwe afanelekile (njengoba kudingeka), ngaphansi kwe-Paris Conventionon.
    4. d. Lezi zicelo zomlaba ze-patent ziholela
       • ? emininingwaneni yomthetho ephindaphindekile
       • ? ekucwaningeni okuphindaphindekile
       • ? ekuhloleni nasenqubeni esemthethweni ephindaphindekile
       • ? izimali zokuhumusha nezezwe, zonke ezikhokhwa emva kokucela i-patent ezweni ngalinye.
  • o Mayelana nendlela ye-PCT, uma kwenziwa isicelo somhlaba jikelele, ezinye izinyanga ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-18 ziyengezwa ekucwaningeni nokushicilela kwamanye amazwe i.e. kuze kufike ku-21 noma ngisho nezinyanga ezingu-31 ngaphambi kokuba ofaka isicelo athathe isinqumo sokuqhubeka noma angaqhubeki yini nesicelo se-patent kwamanye amazwe athintekayo
  • To Ngakho ofaka isicelo, ngaphansi kwendlela ye-PCT "uthenga isikhathi" ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuthi angafaka noma angafaki yini isicelo se-patent kwamanye amazwe futhi abhekane nezindleko ezidingeka kulesi senzo.

Inqubo Yendlela Ye-PCT

• I• Uma ofaka isicelo esungula into ethile efuna ukuba ibe ne-patent kwamanye amazwe amaningi, ofaka isicelo uyayalwa ukuba asebenzise i-Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) ngaphambi kokuba afake isicelo se-patent kulawo mazwe – okuzuzwa kwi-PCT kuchaziwe ngenhla. Kodwa-ke ezinye “izinzuzo” noma “ukonga” kungatholakala – futhi u-CIPRO uyakwazi ukunikeza iseluleko nosizo maqondana nokuthi ungakuthola kanjani lokhu.
• • Ofaka isicelo noma ummeli we-patent uzogcwalisa "IFomu Yesicelo Se-Patent Cooperation Treaty" (nge-triplicate), neminingwane efanele, imidewbo etc.
• • Ihhovisi le-PCT kwa-CIPRO licubungula lesi sicelo ebese libala izindleko ezizofuneka

YAZI:

• • Noma isiphi isakhamuzi noma umhlai waseNingizimu Afrika angasifaka isicelo somhlaba jikelele eHhovisi Lokwamukela eNingizimu Afrika.
• • Indlela ye-PCT indlela “yokufaka” i-patent, akusiyona indlela “yokunikeza” i-patent. Ayikho "i-PCT patent".
• • Indlela ye-PCT isiza ngokukunikeza:
  • o Isikhathi sesigaba somhlaba jikelele esifaka phakathi:
    • ? Ukufaka isicelo somhlaba jikelele
    • ? Ukucinga emhlabeni jikelele
    • ? Ukushicilela emhlabeni jikelele kanye
    • ? Nokuhlola kokuqala emhlabeni jikelele (uyazikhethela)
  • o Isikhathi sesigaba sikazwelonke/sesifunda ngaphambi kwamaHhovisi afanele kanye/noma amahhovisi Akhethiwe
• • Isinqumo sokunikwa ama-patents sithathwa ngamahhovisi kazwelonke noma esifunda kuphela ngesikhathi sesigaba sikazwelonke.
• • Okusunguliwe kuphela okungavikelwa nge-PCT ngokufaka isicelo sama-patents, ama-utility models namanye amatayitela anjalo.
• • Ukuvikelwa kwama-design nama-trade marks ngeke kutholakale nge-PCT. Kunezinye izindlela zomhlaba jikelele ezisetshenziswa kulezi zinhlobo zokuvikelwa kwempahla yemboni (Isivumelwano Sase- Hague neSivumelwano Sase-Madrid, zombili). I-SA ayikakabi yilunga lalezi zivumelwano.

Umdwebo Oveza Indlela Ye-PCT